We often come across the term ‘proof’ in relation to alcohol. Well, the term ‘proof’ indicates alcohol concentrations; in the United States and Canada, proof is twice the alcohol content. Thus, a 90-proof liquor is 45% alcohol.
What are the causes of hangover?
People who over consume alcohol often experience this condition known as hangover; just how much alcohol is necessary to produce one depends on the biochemical individuality of the consumer, and the type of drink consumed. Distilled liquors, such as whiskey and gin, have a more immediate impact than wines and beers, and all alcohol is absorbed more quickly when mixed with a carbonated beverage. Once in the bloodstream, alcohol reaches the brain in minutes. At first it acts as a stimulant, producing euphoria. This soon gives way to central nervous system depression and feeling of numbness, and finally to sleep or unconsciousness. Rapid ingestion of a large amount of alcohol can be fatal. The severity of hangover is partially influenced by congeners, by-products of the fermentation process that contributes to the taste and aroma of an alcoholic beverage. The more congeners in a drink, the more severe a hangover may be. Brandy has the greatest number of congeners, followed by red wine, rum, whiskey, white wine, gin, and vodka.





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